Bridging Gaps in Standards for the Secondary Use of Health Data: Exploratory Standard, Tool Assessment, and Feasibility Study

Jaleh Shoshtarian Malak   ¹ ;   Leonie von Berlin   ² ;   Irina Balaur   ¹ ;   Rada Hussein   ³ ;   Philip Gribbon   ² ;   Yojana Gadiya   ^{2, 4} ;   Somayeh Abedian   ^{3, 5} ;   Andreas Kremer   ⁶ ;   Stefan Sauermann   ⁷ ;   Francisco J Núñez-Benjumea   ⁸ ;   Jens Declerck   ^{9, 10} ;   Sumit Madan   ¹¹ ;   Hanna Ćwiek-Kupczyńska   ¹ ;   Lukas Rohatsch   ¹² ;   Holger Fröhlich   ^{4, 11, 13, 14} ;   Christian Muehlendyck   ¹⁵ ;   Venkata P. Satagopam   ¹

¹ Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biology, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg

² Discovery Research ScreeningPort, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany

³ Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria

⁴ Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology (B-IT), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

⁵ Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁶ Information Technology for Translational Medicine S.A, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg

⁷ Faculty Life Science Engineering, FH Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria

⁸ Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS/Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

⁹ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

¹⁰ The European Institute for Innovation through Health Data, Ghent, Belgium

¹¹ Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Sankt Augustin, Germany

¹² Faculty Computer Science & Applied Mathematics, FH Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria

¹³ Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

¹⁴ Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

¹⁵ Johnson & Johnson Medical GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany