JMIR Formative Research

A prevalent and serious complication of diabetes mellitus is the development of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). There is a need for effective solutions that help prevent DFU to support our increasingly stressed health care systems. The use of mobile health (mHealth) tools has been shown to improve awareness and effective self-care management skills in people at risk of developing diabetic foot ulceration.

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Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide and is associated with chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life. In Brazil’s Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]), diagnostic delays frequently range from 7 to 10 years and disproportionately affect socially vulnerable populations, including rural, low-income, Black, and Indigenous women. Digital health interventions have been proposed as scalable solutions; however, most available applications are developed in high-income settings and do not align with the structural and operational realities of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are increasingly used to support health-related queries and decision-making. However, these models can be “jailbroken” through adversarial prompts that bypass safety filters and elicit harmful or medically inappropriate responses. In health care contexts, such vulnerabilities pose serious risks. Understanding how jailbreak susceptibility varies across languages is essential for developing robust safeguards and promoting equitable access to safe health information. This paper may contain examples that may be deemed harmful in terms of violence, self-harm, and drug abuse.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is becoming increasingly prevalent, with a rising trend significantly impacting the quality of life (QoL) of young Malaysians.

Radiologic technology (RT) education faces challenges in bridging theory and practice due to limited clinical opportunities. While virtual reality (VR) enables safe and repeatable practice, a systematic instructional design framework is needed to develop scalable, procedure-focused modules.

Mobile mental health apps may provide an accessible, scalable, and private avenue for older veterans who may not otherwise seek or receive care to address their mental health concerns. However, older veterans may experience barriers to using these apps that need to be addressed to facilitate effective use. Such support could be effectively implemented within the US Veterans Health Administration to facilitate the use of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs’ established mental health apps and to benefit older veterans with mental health concerns.

Clinical outcomes for patients with cystic fibrosis have improved over the last decades, with a focus on enhancing the quality of life for children and their families. These improvements are expected to reduce the need for in-hospital visits, allowing for alternative care provisions that further enhance their quality of life. Telehealth can decrease the number of in-hospital visits and disruptions to everyday life.

Adolescent asthma is a significant contributor to youth morbidity and is known to be best managed through consistent medication use and symptom management. However, adolescents often struggle to perceive their symptoms accurately and consistently use their medication at the recommended rate, risking worsened symptoms and impaired quality of life. The Responsive Asthma Care for Teens (ReACT) system is a project aimed at identifying and and providing supporting for several barriers adolescents may face in asthma management. By integrating both software and hardware to monitor medication adherence, ReACT provides a personalized support plan to improve asthma management and, subsequently, quality of life.

Returning migrants face a variety of challenges that limit their ability to integrate and adapt to Mexico. This represents a break in their life trajectory, with effects on family dynamics, mid- and long-term projects, and uncertainty about short-term plans.

Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, and state policies can be effective tools to prevent suicide. State legislators are increasingly active on social media, communicating about their legislative priorities and signaling information about their knowledge and attitudes about issues.

Anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxious arousal, is a promising therapeutic target for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom development after trauma exposure. Initial research suggests that smartphone-based AS interventions may be acceptable to sexual assault survivors at risk for PTSD symptoms and effective for symptom reduction, but only small one-arm proof-of-concept studies have been conducted.