Iterative Multidisciplinary Development and Evaluation of a Patient-Facing Social Determinants of Health Chatbot Using Synthetic Data Simulation: Mixed Methods Study

Anna M Maw   ^{1, 2 *} , MS, MD ;   Alexander Lupi   ^{3, 4 *} , MD ;   Rachel Johnson-Koenke   ⁵ , PhD ;   Heather Coats   ⁵ , PhD ;   Li Zhou   ⁶ , MD, PhD ;   Benjamin Li   ^{3, 4} , MD ;   James Mitchell   ⁷ , PhD ;   Alexander Kotz   ⁷ , BS ;   Joseph Plasek   ⁶ , PhD ;   Foster Goss   ³ , DO

¹ Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States

² Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States

³ Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States

⁴ Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, United States

⁵ College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁶ Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

⁷ Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States

*these authors contributed equally