Toward the Optimal Way to Assess Symptomatic Fatigue in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Mixed Methods Survey Study

Timothy F Boerger   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Alvaro Yanez Touzet   ^{2 *} , MBChB ;   Julio C Furlan   ^{3, 4} , MBA, MD, PhD ;   Aria Nouri   ⁵ , MSc, MD ;   Carl M Zipser   ⁶ , MD ;   Brian K Kwon   ⁷ , MD, PhD ;   Michael G Fehlings   ⁸ , MD, PhD ;   James D Guest   ⁹ , MD, PhD ;   Allan R Martin   ¹⁰ , MD, PhD ;   Caroline Treanor   ^{11, 12} , MSc ;   David B Anderson   ^{13, 14} , PhD ;   Ellen Sarewitz   ¹⁵ , MA ;   Lindsay Tetreault   ^{16, 17} , MD, PhD ;   James Harrop   ¹⁸ , MD ;   Jefferson Wilson   ^{19, 20, 21} , MD, PhD ;   Robert Chen   ²² , MBBChir, MSc ;   Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar   ²³ , MD ;   Nader Fallah   ²⁴ , PhD ;   Julia Carter   ¹⁵ , BA ;   Shirley Widdop   ¹⁵ , BSc ;   Shekar Kurpad   ²⁵ , MD, PhD ;   Bizhan Aarabi   ²⁶ , MD ;   Oliver Mowforth   ²⁷ , MBBChir, MA, MSt, MRes ;   Mark Kotter   ²⁷ , MD, PhD ;   Benjamin M Davies   ^{27 *} , BSc, MBCHB, MPhil, PhD

¹ Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States

² Scarborough General Hospital, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom

³ KITE Research Institute and Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁴ Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁵ Division of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

⁶ Spinal Cord Injury Centre, Universitätsklinik Balgrist, Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland

⁷ Department of Orthopaedics, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

⁸ Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁹ Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States

¹⁰ Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States

¹¹ School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

¹² Departments of Physiotherapy and Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

¹³ School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

¹⁴ Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

¹⁵ Myelopathy.org, Cambridge, United Kingdom

¹⁶ Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

¹⁷ Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

¹⁸ Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, United States

¹⁹ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

²⁰ Li Ka Shring Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

²¹ Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

²² Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

²³ Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

²⁴ Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada

²⁵ Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States

²⁶ Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States

²⁷ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom

*these authors contributed equally