Automated Optic Disc Tilt Classification in Fundus Photographs Using Segmentation and the Elliptical Ratio: External Clinical Validation Study

Chae Yeon Lim   ^{1, 2, 3, 4 *} , PhD ;   Jaeryung Kim   ^{5 *} , MD, PhD ;   Joonhyoung Kim   ⁵ , MD ;   Chaeyeon Lee   ⁵ , MD ;   Euido Song   ⁵ , MD ;   Myung Jin Chung   ^{6, 7} , MD, PhD ;   Sei Yeul Oh   ⁵ , MD, PhD ;   Taeyoung Kim   ² , PhD ;   Kyung Ah Park   ⁵ , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

² Medical AI Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³ Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴ OGQ, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁵ Department of Ophthalmology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁶ Department of Data Convergence and Future Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁷ Department of Radiology and Medical AI Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally