Chatbots’ Empathetic Conversations and Responses: A Qualitative Study of Help‑Seeking Queries on Depressive Moods Across 8 Commercial Conversational Agents

Hyojin Chin   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Gumhee Baek   ^{2 *} , MSN ;   Chiyoung Cha   ³ , PhD ;   Meeyoung Cha   ^{4, 5} , PhD

¹ Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea

² College of Nursing, System Health Science and Engineering Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³ College of Nursing, Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science, System Health and Engineering Major in Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴ Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Bochum, Germany

⁵ School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally