Published on in Vol 9 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/69075, first published
.

1 Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
2 Quality Unit, Clinical Management Section, Hospital Sultan Idris Shah, Serdang, Malaysia
*all authors contributed equally
