Job Disengagement Among Physical Education Teachers: Insights From a Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey With Path Modeling Analysis

Nasr Chalghaf   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Wen Chen   ^{2 *} , MSc ;   Amayra Tannoubi   ³ , MSc ;   Noomen Guelmami   ³ , PhD ;   Luca Puce   ⁴ , PhD ;   Noureddine Ben Said   ⁵ , PhD ;   Maher Ben Khalifa   ⁶ , PhD ;   Fairouz Azaiez   ¹ , PhD ;   Nicola Luigi Bragazzi   ⁷ , MPH, MD, PhD

¹ Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia

² Department of Child Psychology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

³ Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia

⁴ Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

⁵ Department of Biomechanics and Motor Behavior, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Ryadh, Saudi Arabia

⁶ Department of Human Sciences, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

⁷ Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

*these authors contributed equally