Screening by Health Care Systems for Barriers to Patient Engagement With Digital Health Care: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Jonathan J Shih   ^{1 *} , BS ;   Andersen Yang   ^{2, 3 *} , MPH ;   Vivian E Kwok   ¹ , MPH ;   Amy R Sheon   ⁴ , MPH, PHD ;   Robert L Ellis   ⁵ , MHA, PhD ;   Emilia H De Marchis   ⁶ , MAS, MD ;   Lisa C Diamond   ^{7, 8} , MPH, MD ;   Marika Dy   ^{2, 3} , MPH ;   Courtney R Lyles   ⁵ , PhD ;   Carmen Ma   ⁹ , BS ;   Nilpa D Shah   ^{2, 3} , MPH ;   Kelsey H Natsuhara   ¹⁰ , MD ;   Sarah B Rahman   ¹¹ , MPH, MD ;   Jorge A Rodriguez   ¹² , MD ;   Urmimala Sarkar   ^{2, 3, 13} , MPH, MD ;   Anjana E Sharma   ^{3, 6, 13} , MAS, MD ;   Elaine C Khoong   ^{2, 3, 13} , MS, MD

¹ School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

² Division of General Internal Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

³ Action Research Center for Health, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

⁴ Public Health Innovators, LLC, North Bethesda, MD, United States

⁵ Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States

⁶ Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

⁷ Hospital Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States

⁸ Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States

⁹ Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

¹⁰ Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

¹¹ Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA, United States

¹² Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

¹³ Division of Clinical Informatics and Digital Transformation at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

*these authors contributed equally