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Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Second Primary Cancer Risk in Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer Using Real-World Data From the TriNetX Network: Retrospective Cohort Study

Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Second Primary Cancer Risk in Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer Using Real-World Data From the TriNetX Network: Retrospective Cohort Study

Moreover, patients treated with ICIs may live longer, thereby increasing their window of risk for developing SPCs, which could paradoxically elevate SPC incidence in this group despite a protective effect of immunotherapy. Our findings align with prior studies suggesting a decreased incidence of patients with SPCs treated with ICIs, such as those by Heudel et al [4-7].

Pierre Heudel, Gema Hernandez, Olivier Denquin, Hugo Crochet, Jean-Yves Blay

JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e64900


A Machine Learning–Based Scoring System to Identify High Immunoactivity Microsatellite Stability Tumors by Quantifying Similarity to Microsatellite Instability-High Tumors in Colorectal Cancers: Development and Quantitative Study

A Machine Learning–Based Scoring System to Identify High Immunoactivity Microsatellite Stability Tumors by Quantifying Similarity to Microsatellite Instability-High Tumors in Colorectal Cancers: Development and Quantitative Study

One of the pivotal treatment modalities in the field of CRC is immunotherapy, especially the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antiprogrammed cell death-1 (PD-1) and antiprogrammed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies [4]. A reliable predictor of immunotherapy response and immunoactivity is MSI-H status; notably, the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency granted approval for the use of ICIs to treat MSI-H CRC in 2017 and 2021, respectively [5-7].

Hongkai Yan, Li Jiang, Yaqi Li, Fengchong Wang, Shaobo Mo, Weiqi Sheng, Dan Huang, Junjie Peng

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e66960


Improving Patient Engagement in Phase 2 Clinical Trials With a Trial-Specific Patient Decision Aid: Development and Usability Study

Improving Patient Engagement in Phase 2 Clinical Trials With a Trial-Specific Patient Decision Aid: Development and Usability Study

This multicenter, randomized, phase 2 trial across 15 centers in 6 European countries investigated the efficacy of combining stereotactic radiotherapy and immunotherapy in prolonging progression-free survival while minimizing toxicity and preserving quality of life for patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Iva Halilaj, Relinde Lieverse, Cary Oberije, Lizza Hendriks, Charlotte Billiet, Ines Joye, Brice Van Eeckhout, Anke Wind, Anshu Ankolekar, Philippe Lambin

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e71817


Prediction of a Panel of Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 (PD-1) Inhibitor–Sensitive Biomarkers Using Multiphase Computed Tomography Imaging Textural Features: Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Prediction of a Panel of Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 (PD-1) Inhibitor–Sensitive Biomarkers Using Multiphase Computed Tomography Imaging Textural Features: Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Recent advancements in immunotherapy, notably the application of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, have markedly improved patient prognosis. These agents not only effectively suppress tumor progression but also enable surgical intervention in selected cases of late-stage disease.

Shiqi Wang, Na Chai, Jingji Xu, Pengfei Yu, Luguang Huang, Quan Wang, Zhifeng Zhao, Bin Yang, Jiangpeng Wei, Xiangjie Wang, Gang Ji, Minwen Zheng

JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e67379


Perceptions in 3.6 Million Web-Based Posts of Online Communities on the Use of Cancer Immunotherapy: Data Mining Using BERTopic

Perceptions in 3.6 Million Web-Based Posts of Online Communities on the Use of Cancer Immunotherapy: Data Mining Using BERTopic

Besides, immunotherapy-related adverse events (ir AEs) have been observed with the increasing frequency and duration of immunotherapy usage. Patients’ decisions to undergo immunotherapy are influenced by a range of factors, including their perceptions of its efficacy, side effects, procedural aspects, costs, their levels of knowledge about the treatment, and the comprehensiveness of advice provided by health care providers [5,6].

Xingyue Wu, Chun Sing Lam, Ka Ho Hui, Herbert Ho-fung Loong, Keary Rui Zhou, Chun-Kit Ngan, Yin Ting Cheung

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e60948


Usability and Usefulness of a Symptom Management Coaching System for Patients With Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Comparative Mixed Methods Study

Usability and Usefulness of a Symptom Management Coaching System for Patients With Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Comparative Mixed Methods Study

We aimed to recruit three participant groups; individuals diagnosed with melanoma previously treated with immunotherapy, those with renal cell carcinoma previously treated with immunotherapy, and participants without direct experience with the targeted cancer types nor with immunotherapy (thus patients with other types of cancer or informal caregivers). For each participant group, our goal was to recruit seven to nine participants.

Savannah Lucia Caterina Glaser, Itske Fraterman, Noah van Brummelen, Valentina Tibollo, Laura Maria Del Campo, Henk Mallo, Sofie Wilgenhof, Szymon Wilk, Vitali Gisko, Vadzim Khadakou, Ronald Cornet, Manuel Ottaviano, Stephanie Medlock

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e57659


Ultrasound-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Combined With PD-1 Blockade in Patients With Liver Metastases From Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Single-Arm Phase 2 Trial

Ultrasound-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Combined With PD-1 Blockade in Patients With Liver Metastases From Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Single-Arm Phase 2 Trial

Nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients fail to benefit from immunotherapy, particularly those with lung cancer liver metastases [5]. The existence of baseline liver metastases in patients with lung cancer has been connected with a reduced response to immunotherapy.

Chao Hu, Qiang Fu, Fei Fei Gao, Jian Zeng, Wei Xiao, Hui Li, Li Peng, Xi Huang, Li Yang, Wen Zhi Chen, Ming Yan Jiang

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e59152


Efficacy and Safety of a Therapy Combining Sintilimab and Chemotherapy With Cryoablation in the First-Line Treatment of Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Phase II, Pilot, Single-Arm, Single-Center Study

Efficacy and Safety of a Therapy Combining Sintilimab and Chemotherapy With Cryoablation in the First-Line Treatment of Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Phase II, Pilot, Single-Arm, Single-Center Study

For advanced NSCLC without driver gene mutations, immunotherapy—specifically inhibitors targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1)—has significantly improved patient outcomes. The 5-year overall survival rate has reached 20%, and even 40% in patients with high PD-L1 expression [9]. As a result, immunotherapy is recommended by the NCCN [2] as a standard first-line treatment for this type of lung cancer and has become a mainstream treatment option in clinical practice.

Zhiqiang Gao, Jiajun Teng, Rong Qiao, Jialin Qian, Feng Pan, Meili Ma, Jun Lu, Bo Zhang, Tianqing Chu, Hua Zhong

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e64950


Development of an Educational Website for Patients With Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases Considering Immune Checkpoint Blockers: Usability and Acceptability Study

Development of an Educational Website for Patients With Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases Considering Immune Checkpoint Blockers: Usability and Acceptability Study

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are immunotherapy drugs that enhance the immune system’s ability to target cancer by inhibiting specific pathways that regulate immune cell activity, such as programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 [5]. These pathways are often exploited by cancer cells to evade immune detection.

Maria A Lopez-Olivo, Maria E Suarez-Almazor, Gabrielle F Duhon, McKenna Cherry, Huifang Lu, Cassandra Calabrese, Mehmet Altan, Hussain Tawbi, Alexa Meara, Clifton O Bingham, Adi Diab, Viola B Leal, Robert J Volk

JMIR Cancer 2024;10:e53443