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Testing the Effectiveness of a Gamified Emotional Cognitive Bias Modification Task as an Intervention for Low Mood: Randomized Controlled Trial

Testing the Effectiveness of a Gamified Emotional Cognitive Bias Modification Task as an Intervention for Low Mood: Randomized Controlled Trial

Depression is associated with a negative bias in the interpretation of facial emotional expressions [1,2]. This negative bias has been proposed to play an important role in the onset and maintenance of depression, as successful pharmacological interventions have been found to be associated with the reduction of negative biases [3]. It was previously thought that treating depression would lead to improvements in emotion recognition bias.

Rumeysa Kuruoğlu, Angela Attwood, Ian Penton-Voak

JMIR Serious Games 2025;13:e65103

Using AI Text-to-Image Generation to Create Novel Illustrations for Medical Education: Current Limitations as Illustrated by Hypothyroidism and Horner Syndrome

Using AI Text-to-Image Generation to Create Novel Illustrations for Medical Education: Current Limitations as Illustrated by Hypothyroidism and Horner Syndrome

Confidentiality concerns can limit traditional patient photo use, especially when facial features are essential [4]. Using widely available AI text-to-image tools, we aimed to create images portraying distinct facial signs important for medical trainees—hypothyroidism (myxedema) and Horner syndrome [5,6]. These tools generate unique, high-quality images based on text prompts, utilizing learned probability distributions rather than pre-existing images [7].

Ajay Kumar, Pierce Burr, Tim Michael Young

JMIR Med Educ 2024;10:e52155

Evaluating the Feasibility of Emotion Expressions in Avatars Created From Real Person Photos: Pilot Web-Based Survey of Virtual Reality Software

Evaluating the Feasibility of Emotion Expressions in Avatars Created From Real Person Photos: Pilot Web-Based Survey of Virtual Reality Software

Perception and processing of facial expression and emotions through the use of images is a long-standing research field [1] and the use of facial emotion expression has become more common. Various sets of facial expressions have been developed for research purposes, deploying different facial expressions for different ethnicities [2]. The need for differing ethnicity samples of facial expressions follows the rationale that “within-group” processing of emotions is more readily available than “out-groups.”

Anders Dechsling, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Jonathan Spydevold Gangestad, Sandra Nettum Johannessen, Anders Nordahl-Hansen

JMIR Form Res 2023;7:e44632

The Clinical Suitability of an Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Pain Assessment Tool for Use in Infants: Feasibility and Usability Evaluation Study

The Clinical Suitability of an Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Pain Assessment Tool for Use in Infants: Feasibility and Usability Evaluation Study

In this regard, the evaluation of facial expressions in children is commonly used in various existing observational pain assessment tools and is a valid means of assessing pain [6]. However, evaluation of these facial expressions in clinical practice is done through direct observation, and this process is limited by the challenges of human decoding as well as inherent subjectivity issues [7,8].

Jeffery David Hughes, Paola Chivers, Kreshnik Hoti

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e41992

Validation of Visual and Auditory Digital Markers of Suicidality in Acutely Suicidal Psychiatric Inpatients: Proof-of-Concept Study

Validation of Visual and Auditory Digital Markers of Suicidality in Acutely Suicidal Psychiatric Inpatients: Proof-of-Concept Study

More contemporarily, reduced facial expressivity and movement measured using standardized coding schemes based on videos of patient interviews differentiated depressed patients with and without suicide risk [9], and altered vocal characteristics have been observed in acutely suicidal patients [5]. A number of visual and auditory characteristics can be directly quantified, including gross motor activity [10], head movement variability [11-13], facial activity [14], and properties of speech [15].

Isaac Galatzer-Levy, Anzar Abbas, Anja Ries, Stephanie Homan, Laura Sels, Vidya Koesmahargyo, Vijay Yadav, Michael Colla, Hanne Scheerer, Stefan Vetter, Erich Seifritz, Urte Scholz, Birgit Kleim

J Med Internet Res 2021;23(6):e25199