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Use of Large Language Models to Classify Epidemiological Characteristics in Synthetic and Real-World Social Media Posts About Conjunctivitis Outbreaks: Infodemiology Study

Use of Large Language Models to Classify Epidemiological Characteristics in Synthetic and Real-World Social Media Posts About Conjunctivitis Outbreaks: Infodemiology Study

For some APIs that allowed them, we also included a system prompt [59] to convey a public health analyst role to the LLM (Textbox 2). Such a system prompt may reduce the chance that the LLM will respond with helpful advice (such as telling the user to seek medical attention), respond with disclaimers, or refuse to answer the query. System prompt: “You are a health analyst for a Department of Public Health.

Michael S Deiner, Russell Y Deiner, Cherie Fathy, Natalie A Deiner, Vagelis Hristidis, Stephen D McLeod, Thomas J Bukowski, Thuy Doan, Gerami D Seitzman, Thomas M Lietman, Travis C Porco

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e65226

The Effects of a Smartphone App (Feelee) to Enhance Adolescents’ Emotion Regulation Skills in a Forensic Outpatient Setting: Protocol for a Multiple Single-Case Experimental Design

The Effects of a Smartphone App (Feelee) to Enhance Adolescents’ Emotion Regulation Skills in a Forensic Outpatient Setting: Protocol for a Multiple Single-Case Experimental Design

This study aims to examine the effects of Feelee in forensic care, which can be characterized as a hard-to-reach study population, making this study design highly suitable. Additionally, the intensive study of a small population in a clinical setting contributes to a better understanding of the potential effects of the intervention within the variability of individuals in the clinical setting [73]. Participants follow a 2-week baseline phase, 4-week intervention phase, and a 2-week follow-up phase.

Merel M L Leijse, Levi van Dam, Thimo M van der Pol, René Breuk, Arne Popma

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e64756

Assessing the Fit of a Digitally Delivered National Diabetes Prevention Program Among Rural Living Adults: Qualitative Study

Assessing the Fit of a Digitally Delivered National Diabetes Prevention Program Among Rural Living Adults: Qualitative Study

Focus groups were conducted in this cross-sectional qualitative study to gather information on a digitally delivered National DPP lifestyle change program for rural living residents by distance learning, where Extension personnel delivered live sessions over Zoom or online, asynchronously by a university research staff member via a private Facebook group (NCT 05387434). A comparison of intervention components in the pilot trial is provided in Table 1.

Gerit Wagner, Lyndsie M Koon, Patricia Smith, Kameron B Suire, Mary Hastert, Joseph E Donnelly, Melissa D Olfert, Paul Estabrooks, Anna M Gorczyca

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e70406

Enhancing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Report Comprehension in Spinal Trauma: Readability Analysis of AI-Generated Explanations for Thoracolumbar Fractures

Enhancing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Report Comprehension in Spinal Trauma: Readability Analysis of AI-Generated Explanations for Thoracolumbar Fractures

In many situations, patients will review their imaging reports without guidance from a medical professional, leading to confusion and anxiety [2]. Ideally, an ordering physician would be able to review the imaging results with their patients in a timely fashion, but this is often not the case. There is, therefore, a need for patients to be able to more easily and efficiently interpret the text of their imaging reports.

David C Sing, Kishan S Shah, Michael Pompliano, Paul H Yi, Calogero Velluto, Ali Bagheri, Robert K Eastlack, Stephen R Stephan, Gregory M Mundis Jr

JMIR AI 2025;4:e69654

Enhancing the Predictions of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Severe Ulcerative Colitis Using a Deep Learning Ensemble Model: Development and Validation Study

Enhancing the Predictions of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Severe Ulcerative Colitis Using a Deep Learning Ensemble Model: Development and Validation Study

The presence of CMV was defined as follows: (1) serologic detection of CMV immunoglobin M antibody or (2) histologic detection of inclusion bodies on H&E-stained sections, positive immunohistochemical staining, or CMV DNA amplification by PCR at the first or second evaluation for CMV. Patients were excluded according to the following criteria: coinfection with Clostridium difficile and CMV, final pathologic diagnosis of malignancy, or missing information on endoscopic findings.

Jeong Heon Kim, A Reum Choe, Ju Ran Byeon, Yehyun Park, Eun Mi Song, Seong-Eun Kim, Eui Sun Jeong, Rena Lee, Jin Sung Kim, So Hyun Ahn, Sung Ae Jung

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64987

Proposal for Using AI to Assess Clinical Data Integrity and Generate Metadata: Algorithm Development and Validation

Proposal for Using AI to Assess Clinical Data Integrity and Generate Metadata: Algorithm Development and Validation

Therefore, providing a precise and detailed description of data through metadata when merging heterogeneous sources enables a valid and meaningful integration aimed at ensuring traceable reuse. Metadata assists researchers and users in searching, categorizing, and interpreting data from a data warehouse. In addition, metadata ensures data consistency and facilitates data management [8,9].

Caroline Bönisch, Christian Schmidt, Dorothea Kesztyüs, Hans A Kestler, Tibor Kesztyüs

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e60204

Assessing the Psychosocial Impact of Expressive Writing on Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Qualitative Study

Assessing the Psychosocial Impact of Expressive Writing on Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Qualitative Study

Characteristics of participants with spinal cord injury who completed the coach-guided videoconferencing expressive writing program (n=24). a Gender: F=female; M=male b Education: PG=postgraduate; BA/BS =bachelor’s degree; SC=some college; V=vocation; c Living situation: A=alone; WS=with someone. d Employment: FT=fulltime; PT=parttime; NW=not working; R=retired; D=disability; HM=homemaker. e Diagnosis: E=ependymoma; NS=neurosarcoidosis; SCI=spinalcord injury; TM=transverse myelitis. f Injury level: P=paraplegia;

Shelly M Xie, Molly McKenna, Kendall Veach, Sydney Williams, Mary Grace Jones, Elizabeth Vander Kamp, Salaam Green, Lauren Edwards, Kimberly Kirklin, Benjamin A Jones, Hon K Yuen

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e71162

In Vitro Characterization of the Immune Response to an Epitope Ensemble Vaccine Against Rhinovirus in Pediatric Asthma and Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for an Observational and Exploratory Study

In Vitro Characterization of the Immune Response to an Epitope Ensemble Vaccine Against Rhinovirus in Pediatric Asthma and Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for an Observational and Exploratory Study

HRV is a small, nonenveloped virus belonging to the Picornaviridae family and the Enterovirus genus. It has a positive-strand RNA genome of approximately 7.2 kb [1,2]. The viral genome is translated into a single polyprotein, which undergoes proteolytic processing to generate 11 distinct viral proteins (Figure 1 A). The HRV capsid is composed of 4 viral proteins (VPs): VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4 (Figure 1 B).

Sara Alonso Fernandez, Raquel Reyes-Manzanas, Susana Camara, Juan Mozas-Gutierrez, Myriam Calle-Rubio, Juan Rodriguez-Hermosa, Andres Bodas-Pinedo, Santiago Rueda Esteban, Esther M Lafuente, Jesús Reiné, Pedro A Reche

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e73383

ChatGPT-4–Driven Liver Ultrasound Radiomics Analysis: Diagnostic Value and Drawbacks in a Comparative Study

ChatGPT-4–Driven Liver Ultrasound Radiomics Analysis: Diagnostic Value and Drawbacks in a Comparative Study

Beyond radiomics analysis, we evaluated Chat GPT-4 as a tool for distinguishing normal from abnormal cases based on imaging findings. We aimed to demonstrate its capability as a supportive tool in clinical settings. Such a tool could significantly reduce the workload of radiologists by efficiently filtering out normal cases, allowing them to focus their expertise on more complex and abnormal cases.

Laith R Sultan, Shyam Sunder B Venkatakrishna, Sudha A Anupindi, Savvas Andronikou, Michael R Acord, Hansel J Otero, Kassa Darge, Chandra M Sehgal, John H Holmes

JMIR AI 2025;4:e68144

Validation of the Perceived Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence (PEDIA) Scale Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender and Nonbinary Persons: Cross-Sectional Study

Validation of the Perceived Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence (PEDIA) Scale Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender and Nonbinary Persons: Cross-Sectional Study

However, ART adherence is a challenge for people living with HIV across multiple settings and populations [2]. Brazil’s HIV epidemic is characterized as a concentrated epidemic, with specific populations bearing a disproportionate burden of the disease. Among these groups, gay, bisexual, other men who have sex with men (MSM), and transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) persons are one of the most severely affected population groups.

Victor C Matos, Dyego Carlos Araújo, Thiago S Torres, Paula M Luz

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e67005