User-Centered Design of a Gamified Mental Health App for Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa: Multicycle Usability Testing Study

Julia R Pozuelo   ^{1, 2, 3} , DPhil ;   Bianca D Moffett   ³ , MSc ;   Meghan Davis   ⁴ , MPH ;   Alan Stein   ^{2, 3, 5} , MB BCh ;   Halley Cohen   ⁶ , MSc ;   Michelle G Craske   ^{7, 8} , PhD ;   Meriam Maritze   ³ , HS ;   Princess Makhubela   ³ , HS ;   Christine Nabulumba   ⁹ , MA ;   Doreen Sikoti   ⁹ , PGD ;   Kathleen Kahn   ^{3, 10} , PhD ;   Tholene Sodi   ¹¹ , PhD ;   DoBAt & Ebikolwa Consortium   ^{12 *} ;   Alastair van Heerden   ^{13, 14 *} , PhD ;   Heather A O’Mahen   ^{15 *} , PhD

¹ Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

² Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

³ MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

⁴ Mind Ease, London, United Kingdom

⁵ Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

⁶ Lincoln College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

⁷ Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

⁹ BRAC, Kampala, Uganda

¹⁰ Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

¹¹ SAMRC-DSI/NRF-UL SARChI Research Chair in Mental Health and Society, University of Limpopo, Limpopo, South Africa

¹² See Acknowledgements

¹³ Center for Community Based Research, Human Sciences Research Council, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

¹⁴ SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

¹⁵ Mood Disorders Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

*these authors contributed equally