A Culturally Adapted Diet and Physical Activity Text Message Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Women of Pakistani Origin Living in Scotland: Formative Study

Marta Krasuska   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Emma M Davidson   ^{2 *} , MBChB, MPH ;   Erik Beune   ³ , MSc, PhD ;   Anne Karen Jenum   ⁴ , MBChB, PhD ;   Jason MR Gill   ⁵ , PhD ;   Karien Stronks   ³ , PhD ;   Irene GM van Valkengoed   ³ , PhD ;   Esperanza Diaz   ⁶ , MD, PhD ;   Aziz Sheikh   ¹ , BSc, MBBS, MSc, MD

¹ Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

² Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

³ Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁴ General Practice Research Unit (AFE), Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

⁵ Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

⁶ Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

*these authors contributed equally