Development of a Head-Mounted Holographic Needle Guidance System for Enhanced Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia: System Development and Observational Evaluation

Jaya Tanwani   ¹ , MD ;   Fahad Alam   ¹ , MD ;   Clyde Matava   ² , MD ;   Stephen Choi   ¹ , MD ;   Paul McHardy   ¹ , MD ;   Oskar Singer   ¹ , MD ;   Geraldine Cheong   ³ , MBBS ;   Julian Wiegelmann   ¹ , MD

¹ Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

² Department of Anesthesia, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

³ Department of Anesthesia, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore