The Effect of Noise-Masking Earbuds (SleepBuds) on Reported Sleep Quality and Tension in Health Care Shift Workers: Prospective Single-Subject Design Study

Nicole M Duggan   ¹ , MD ;   M Adrian Hasdianda   ¹ , MD, MSc ;   Olesya Baker   ² , PhD ;   Guruprasad Jambaulikar   ¹ , MPH, MBBS ;   Andrew J Goldsmith   ¹ , MD, MBA ;   Anna Condella   ¹ , MD ;   Desiree Azizoddin   ³ , PsyD ;   Adaira I Landry   ¹ , MD, MEd ;   Edward W Boyer   ¹ , MD, PhD ;   Andrew J Eyre   ¹ , MD, MEd

¹ Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

² Center for Clinical Investigation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

³ Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States