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Development of a Conceptual Framework of Health Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Reviews

Development of a Conceptual Framework of Health Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Reviews

This wide range of misinformation highlights the multifaceted nature of the infodemic [6], where false or misleading information infiltrates various aspects of public health discourse.

Javier Alvarez-Galvez, Jesus Carretero-Bravo, Carolina Lagares-Franco, Begoña Ramos-Fiol, Esther Ortega-Martin

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e62693


Current Approaches To and Implementation of Information Environment Assessments in the Context of Public Health: Rapid Review

Current Approaches To and Implementation of Information Environment Assessments in the Context of Public Health: Rapid Review

During a health emergency, health information seeking, exchange, and engagement can be heightened, creating an infodemic. This can make it hard for people to find the information they need, in formats they trust, from locally relevant and appropriate sources. An infodemic is the overabundance of information, accurate and otherwise, in the physical and digital space that accompanies an acute health event [3].

Becky K White, Fernan Talamayan, Tara Rose Aynsley, Richard Bahizire Riziki, Catherine Bertrand-Ferrandis, Kai Von Harbou, Rocio Lopez Inigo, Thomas Moran, Reuben Samuel, David Scales, Sandra Varaidzo Machiri

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e72165


Quality Assessment of Health Information on Social Media During a Public Health Crisis: Infodemiology Study

Quality Assessment of Health Information on Social Media During a Public Health Crisis: Infodemiology Study

This leads to an “infodemic,” which describes the overwhelming spread of information, both accurate and misleading, across digital and traditional channels during a disease outbreak [16]. This includes both accurate scientific information and false narratives that spread across a range of traditional and new communication channels, including social media platforms [17].

Rozita Haghighi, Mohsen Farhadloo

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e70756


Bridging the Infodemic Equity Gap: North-South Digital Health Disparities and a Framework for Action

Bridging the Infodemic Equity Gap: North-South Digital Health Disparities and a Framework for Action

The term “infodemic” has been widely used to describe the overabundance of information, accurate and false, which complicates identification of trustworthy guidance [1]. Foundational syntheses have cataloged definitional nuances and digital amplification dynamics across pandemics [2].

Augustus Osborne

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e80013


Bibliometric Insights Into the Infodemic: Global Research Trends and Policy Responses: Quantitative Research

Bibliometric Insights Into the Infodemic: Global Research Trends and Policy Responses: Quantitative Research

In the digital age, social media platforms have become central to information dissemination, amplifying the reach and impact of misinformation during crises [5], thus underscoring the urgency of addressing the infodemic. Scholarly efforts have begun to address the infodemic. The cornerstone of such a mechanism rests on robust government oversight and legal frameworks [6], suggesting a collaborative approach between administrative and legal interventions.

Sijia Wang, Linan Zhang, Yang Liu, Xin Feng, Shipeng Ren

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e76378


The Impact of Misinformation on Social Media in the Context of Natural Disasters: Narrative Review

The Impact of Misinformation on Social Media in the Context of Natural Disasters: Narrative Review

There are several terms to describe inaccurate information, such as fake news, rumors, propaganda, infodemic, disinformation, and misinformation. This review will focus on misinformation, while adopting a broader lens to also encompass false information intentionally shared (disinformation), as it provides a more holistic account of the impact on public health and disaster response, whether intentional or not.

Sonya Hilberts, Mark Govers, Elena Petelos, Silvia Evers

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e70413


Chicago Public Health Department Social Media Communications on Twitter During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Mpox Epidemic: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis

Chicago Public Health Department Social Media Communications on Twitter During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Mpox Epidemic: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis

Reference 37: Characteristics, influence, prevention, and control measures of the mpox infodemic: scopinginfodemicInfoveillance, Infodemiology, Digital Disease Surveillance, Infodemic Management

Matthew R Boyce, Margot Gordon, Rachael Piltch-Loeb, Rebecca Katz

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e68200


Modularity of Online Social Networks and COVID-19 Misinformation Spreading in Russia: Combining Social Network Analysis and National Representative Survey

Modularity of Online Social Networks and COVID-19 Misinformation Spreading in Russia: Combining Social Network Analysis and National Representative Survey

This study adds to the body of literature on the COVID-19 infodemic [40,64,65] and health misinformation more broadly [23]. The study’s findings show how the characteristics of the network in which an individual is embedded can lead to both polarization and the spread of misinformation. Moreover, network formation itself may be influenced by cultural and social traits of society, such as social capital [62].

Boris Pavlenko

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e58302


Infodemic Versus Viral Information Spread: Key Differences and Open Challenges

Infodemic Versus Viral Information Spread: Key Differences and Open Challenges

While acknowledging this complexity, in this paper, we focus on one specific dimension of the infodemic phenomenon: the quantification of information production. By narrowing our analysis to this aspect, we aim to clarify how excess information during an infodemic differs from a general viral information spread.

Matteo Cinelli, Francesco Gesualdo

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e57455


Use of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model for COVID-19 Fact-Checking: Development and Usability Study

Use of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model for COVID-19 Fact-Checking: Development and Usability Study

The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by an “infodemic,” characterized by the rapid spread of misinformation and disinformation, significantly undermining public health efforts [1]. Misinformation refers to the unintentional spread of incorrect or misleading information [2], while disinformation involves deliberately disseminating false information to deceive [3].

Hai Li, Jingyi Huang, Mengmeng Ji, Yuyi Yang, Ruopeng An

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e66098