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Identification of Behavioral, Clinical, and Psychological Antecedents of Acute Stimulant Poisoning: Development and Implementation of a Mixed Methods Psychological Autopsy Study

Identification of Behavioral, Clinical, and Psychological Antecedents of Acute Stimulant Poisoning: Development and Implementation of a Mixed Methods Psychological Autopsy Study

This increase in mortality, largely driven by deaths also involving fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, has been referred to as the “fourth wave” of the overdose crisis [3-6]. While the increase in deaths involving stimulants and fentanyl may be primarily due to the toxic effects of fentanyl, the presence of stimulants likely reflects rising polysubstance and, in some cases, unintentional fentanyl use [4,5,7].

Marley Antolin Muñiz, Vanessa M McMahan, Xochitl Luna Marti, Sarah Brennan, Sophia Tavasieff, Luke N Rodda, James Knoll, Phillip O Coffin

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e64873

Barriers to, and Facilitators of, Checking Drugs for Adulterants in the Era of Fentanyl and Xylazine: Qualitative Study

Barriers to, and Facilitators of, Checking Drugs for Adulterants in the Era of Fentanyl and Xylazine: Qualitative Study

According to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) study of fatal overdose in the United States, the monthly percentage of fentanyl-involved deaths with xylazine detected increased by 276% from January 2019 through June 2022 [14]. In a separate study of fatal overdose events in 38 states and the District of Columbia from January through June of 2020, more than 92% of benzodiazepine deaths also involved fentanyl [15].

Ian David Aronson, Mary-Andrée Ardouin-Guerrier, Juan Esteban Baus, Alex S Bennett

JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e56755

Detecting Substance Use Disorder Using Social Media Data and the Dark Web: Time- and Knowledge-Aware Study

Detecting Substance Use Disorder Using Social Media Data and the Dark Web: Time- and Knowledge-Aware Study

The work done by Lokala et al [14] investigates the relation between the availability of fentanyl-related drugs on cryptomarkets on the dark web and overdoses of fentanyl. Time-lagged correlation analysis was done between fentanyl-related drugs from the cryptomarket and overdoses of fentanyl in this first-of-its-kind study for epidemiological surveillance.

Usha Lokala, Orchid Chetia Phukan, Triyasha Ghosh Dastidar, Francois Lamy, Raminta Daniulaityte, Amit Sheth

JMIRx Med 2024;5:e48519

Understanding Public Perceptions and Discussions on Opioids Through Twitter: Cross-Sectional Infodemiology Study

Understanding Public Perceptions and Discussions on Opioids Through Twitter: Cross-Sectional Infodemiology Study

Of the different major opioids analyzed, fentanyl accumulated the most tweets. Fentanyl stood out in recreational uses, as more than 50% (20,861/39,997) of the tweets containing this opioid discussed this topic, also representing the drug with the highest percentage of tweets referring to legal aspects, followed by oxycodone and methadone.

Federico Carabot, Oscar Fraile-Martínez, Carolina Donat-Vargas, Javier Santoma, Cielo Garcia-Montero, Mariana Pinto da Costa, Rosa M Molina-Ruiz, Miguel A Ortega, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e50013

Correlation Between Opioid Drug Prescription and Opioid-Related Mortality in Spain as a Surveillance Tool: Ecological Study

Correlation Between Opioid Drug Prescription and Opioid-Related Mortality in Spain as a Surveillance Tool: Ecological Study

There is an especially relevant increase in extrahospital use of tramadol and interhospital use of fentanyl [2,8,18], and at the same time, non-oncological use accounts for nearly 90% in certain cases [19]. Together with the registry of ODP, one of the most valuable indicators of the growth and type of use is the registry of deaths due to opioid overdose, also referred to as opioid-related mortality (ORM) [13,20].

Alejandro Salazar, Soledad Moreno-Pulido, Pablo Prego-Meleiro, Jesús Henares-Montiel, José Pulido, Marta Donat, Gabriel Sotres-Fernandez, Luis Sordo

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023;9:e43776

“There’s No Heroin Around Anymore. It’s All Fentanyl.” Adaptation of an Opioid Overdose Prevention Counseling Approach to Address Fentanyl Overdose: Formative Study

“There’s No Heroin Around Anymore. It’s All Fentanyl.” Adaptation of an Opioid Overdose Prevention Counseling Approach to Address Fentanyl Overdose: Formative Study

We are now in the “third wave” of the overdose epidemic, characterized predominantly by fentanyl and fentanyl-related overdose mortality [2,3]. From 2015 to 2021, the annual number of overdose deaths due to synthetic opioids, which are almost exclusively fentanyl and related analogs, rose 93% from 51,575 to 99,543 [4]. Fentanyl deaths have supplanted heroin deaths; although all opioid deaths have been increasing, heroin-involved deaths that did not also involve fentanyl have decreased [5].

Vanessa M McMahan, Justine Arenander, Tim Matheson, Audrey M Lambert, Sarah Brennan, Traci C Green, Alexander Y Walley, Phillip O Coffin

JMIR Form Res 2022;6(9):e37483