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Behavior Emotion Therapy System and You: Co-Design and Evaluation of a Mental Health Chatbot and Digital Human for Mild to Moderate Anxiety in Healthy Participants

Behavior Emotion Therapy System and You: Co-Design and Evaluation of a Mental Health Chatbot and Digital Human for Mild to Moderate Anxiety in Healthy Participants

The open-ended questions invited participants to reflect on their general attitudes toward mental health chatbots, perceived benefits and challenges in using them for anxiety support, and their views on chatbots as a complement or alternative to traditional care. The open-ended questions were: What do you wish an anonymous conversation with a mental health chatbot would give you? What would make you hesitate to talk to a chatbot about mental health?

Almira Osmanovic Thunström, Lilas Ali, Hanne Krage Carlsen, Maria Bohm, Linda Wesén, Olof Wrede, Iris Sarajlic Vukovic, Andreas Hellström, Tomas Larson, Steinn Steingrimsson

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e66163


Implementation of a Digital Health Intervention (CHAMP) for Self-Monitoring of Hypertension: Protocol for 3 Interlinked Implementation Studies

Implementation of a Digital Health Intervention (CHAMP) for Self-Monitoring of Hypertension: Protocol for 3 Interlinked Implementation Studies

Recent systematic reviews offer preliminary evidence that AI-based chatbots promote healthy lifestyle change [22-25]; smoking cessation [26,27]; and self-management of chronic disorders [6,21,28], such as hypertension [29]. In addition, HCPs [30] and patients [31-33] seem to find chatbots acceptable and would be willing to use them, particularly if they complement clinical care [29,33] and are not used for severe conditions [33,34].

Laura Martinengo, Ngoc Huong Lien Ha, Eugene Tay, Shao Chuen Tong, Nick Sevdalis

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e72942


Author’s Response to Peer Reviews of “Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study”

Author’s Response to Peer Reviews of “Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study”

Having worked on and researched chatbots, I read this with great interest but, as per my comments, I am a little confused, as it seems this bot simply refers the user to a person after recognizing an image as an X-ray, for example. I was under the impression from the content or was half expecting the ability to input an image, be that of an X-ray or retina, and it would start giving me some diagnostic information or the like. Response: Yes, it does.

Jorge Guerra Pires

JMIRx Med 2025;6:e83417


Peer Review of “Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study”

Peer Review of “Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study”

Overall summary: Having worked on and researched chatbots, I read this with great interest but, as per my comments, I am a little confused, as it seems this bot simply refers the user to a person after recognizing an image as an X-ray, for example. I was under the impression from the content or was half expecting the ability to input an image, be that of an X-ray or retina, and it would start giving me some diagnostic information or the like.

Reviewer X Anonymous

JMIRx Med 2025;6:e83217


Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study

Development of a Conversational Artificial Intelligence–Based Web Application for Medical Consultations: Prototype Study

This study aims to contribute to the discussion on how chatbots can be integrated with specialized models applied to bioinformatics. I have previously referred to this as innovating with biomathematics [14]. In my view, there is no more user-friendly interface for such integration than a chatbot powered by an LLM. I hope that this discussion will encourage bioinformaticians to integrate their models into chatbots. This approach is an alternative to the classical user interface/user experience model.

Jorge Guerra Pires

JMIRx Med 2025;6:e56090


ChatGPT-Based Chatbot for Help Quitting Smoking via Text Messaging: An Interventional Study

ChatGPT-Based Chatbot for Help Quitting Smoking via Text Messaging: An Interventional Study

One meta-analysis of chatbots for smoking cessation identified 6 trials of such chatbots and found that chatbot use by smokers was associated with a 66% increase in the odds of quitting [10]. The largest and best designed of these was a study by Perski et al [13] that examined the addition of a chatbot to a smoking cessation app and found that offering the chatbot+app increased engagement and improved smoking cessation–related outcomes over offering the app alone.

Lorien C Abroms, Christina N Wysota, Artin Yousefi, Tien-Chin Wu, David A Broniatowski

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e79402


Patient-Reported Experiences With Long-Term Lifestyle Self-Monitoring in Heart Disease: Mixed Methods Study

Patient-Reported Experiences With Long-Term Lifestyle Self-Monitoring in Heart Disease: Mixed Methods Study

Evidence shows that health chatbots tailored to user profiles through personalized content, interfaces, or communication styles improve user satisfaction and dialogue quality [35-37]. This may include aligning messages with a patient’s medical history, goals, or preferences; adapting interface elements such as avatars or notification frequency; and adjusting language to suit varying levels of health literacy or emotional tone.

Mayra Goevaerts, Nicole Tenbült - Van Limpt, Willem J Kop, Hareld Kemps, Yuan Lu

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e76978


Conversational Agents Supporting Self-Management in People With a Chronic Disease: Systematic Review

Conversational Agents Supporting Self-Management in People With a Chronic Disease: Systematic Review

A previous review similarly suggested that AI-powered chatbots may contribute to better health outcomes; however, the evidence was limited due to insufficient technical documentation [12]. These findings should be interpreted with caution, as all included studies exhibited a heightened Ro B—a concern raised by earlier literature as well [12]. The field of CA interventions for chronic disease self-management remains in an early stage [11,14], with many studies being exploratory.

Tessa F Peerbolte, Rozanne JA van Diggelen, Pieter van den Haak, Kim Geurts, Luc JW Evers, Bastiaan R Bloem, Nienke M de Vries, Sanne W van den Berg

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e72309


Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Medical Research (GAMER): Protocol for a Scoping Review and Development of Reporting Guidelines

Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Medical Research (GAMER): Protocol for a Scoping Review and Development of Reporting Guidelines

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI)–based tools and chatbots have been widely applied in medicine, facilitating interactions between users and AI through virtual conversational agents and thereby presenting new opportunities for enhancing health care practice and research methodology [1,2]. The increasing use of Gen AI tools linked to chatbots in medical research brings numerous opportunities and supports innovations, but it also poses many challenges and creates issues.

Xufei Luo, Yih Chung Tham, Mohammad Daher, Zhaoxiang Bian, Yaolong Chen, Janne Estill, GAMER Working Group

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e64640