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Efficacy of a Self-Guided Internet Intervention With Optional On-Demand Feedback Versus Digital Psychoeducation on Sleep Hygiene for University Students With Insomnia: Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy of a Self-Guided Internet Intervention With Optional On-Demand Feedback Versus Digital Psychoeducation on Sleep Hygiene for University Students With Insomnia: Randomized Controlled Trial

In the context of college students, CBT-I has yielded moderate to large improvements in sleep-related outcomes (standardized mean difference [SMD]=−0.55, g=0.61), and modest reductions in anxiety (SMD=−0.23) and depressive (SMD=−0.30) symptoms [29,30]. However, follow-up results have been mixed, ranging from significant medium effects to nonsignificant results [29,30], and studies using active comparison groups exhibit smaller effects on sleep outcomes [29].

Anna-Carlotta Zarski, Karina Bernstein, Harald Baumeister, Dirk Lehr, Stella Wernicke, Ann-Marie Küchler, Fanny Kählke, Kai Spiegelhalder, David Daniel Ebert

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58024