JMIR Formative Research

Adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions often struggle to adhere to their daily oral medications. Transdiagnostic mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to promote medication adherence by reaching youth at a large scale.

Infant feeding practices, including breastfeeding, are known to benefit maternal and child health outcomes. Therefore, parent access to evidence-based infant feeding advice is critical. In recent years, there has been increased use of digital health technologies to support infant feeding. Despite its potential, using AI to complement existing health care and connect families to timely infant feeding support remains relatively unexplored.

Epidemiological and biological risks frequently expose Caribbean territories to emerging infectious threats. Martinique, a French overseas territory, is particularly vulnerable due to its tropical climate, insular geography, and recurrent exposure to arboviral epidemics. During exceptional health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, health care systems must rapidly adapt to a potentially sustained patient influx, evolving scientific knowledge, and heightened population anxiety. In March 2020, following the first confirmed COVID-19 cases in Martinique, the emergency medical service (EMS) implemented a teleconsultation follow-up unit dedicated to home-based patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, in the context of uncertainty regarding disease progression.

Sense of agency (SoA) is the subjective experience of controlling one’s actions and their effects in the world. SoA is important for behavioral change and goal achievement, and its measurement via digital devices has gained attention in health promotion and therapeutic interventions.

Enrollment in phase I oncology trials remains low largely because potentially eligible patients are not identified and evaluated quickly enough. Current clinical trial matching systems can identify candidate patients from the electronic health record, but cases with missing or uncertain eligibility data are often routed for offline manual review. This delay impedes clarification and prolongs the final eligibility determination.

Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is increasingly used in digital health research to capture behaviors, symptoms, and psychological states in real time and in natural environments, offering advantages over traditional retrospective measures in terms of ecological validity and reduced recall bias. Despite the potential of EMA for advancing mobile health and digital phenotyping apps, accessible technical solutions that enable researchers without software engineering expertise to design and deploy EMA studies remain limited.

Continued cannabis use among young people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) has been linked to poorer clinical and functional outcomes (eg, increased symptom severity and higher relapse rates). Digital harm-reduction interventions may represent a promising, person-centered approach to reduce at-risk cannabis use behaviors in this population. However, evidence remains limited regarding which subgroups are more likely to engage with these interventions and whether specific levels of engagement are required to achieve more favorable cannabis-related outcomes.

Despite many evidence-based HIV interventions, most research findings are not disseminated. Enhancing research dissemination is essential to achieving Nigeria’s HIV targets.

Chronic pain is a growing global public health challenge and the leading cause of years lived with disability. It significantly impacts various aspects of daily life, including participation in working life, resulting in increased sick leave and substantial burdens at both the personal and societal levels. Person-centered care (PCC) is a practiced ethic that recognizes the patient as a partner in care. Partnership is established through incorporating the person’s narrative, shared decision-making, and documentation of jointly agreed goals. Remotely delivered PCC interventions have been shown in other studies to improve self-efficacy and facilitate return to work among persons on sick leave. However, little is known about how self-efficacy and sick leave are affected when a PCC intervention is delivered remotely to persons with chronic pain.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted older adults’ daily lives, particularly concerning social interaction, physical activity, and sleep quality. Older African Americans were disproportionately affected yet remain underrepresented in research documenting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) provides home-based care for terminally ill patients and is associated with improved quality of life and prolonged survival. Due to its decentralized structure and growing demand, SOPC is a key target for digital transformation. Telehealth, mobile health, and AI offer considerable potential benefits but also present challenges, particularly with regard to user acceptance. Although both children and adults receive SOPC under the German statutory health insurance system, services differ in terms of patient characteristics, duration of care, and geographic coverage. Moreover, there is limited knowledge regarding the extent to which digital health applications are transferable across different areas of palliative care.

One unique feature of COVID-19–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is surfactant deficiency because SARS-CoV-2 specifically attacks alveolar type 2 cells.