JMIR Formative Research

Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is increasingly used in digital health research to capture behaviors, symptoms, and psychological states in real time and in natural environments, offering advantages over traditional retrospective measures in terms of ecological validity and reduced recall bias. Despite the potential of EMA for advancing mobile health and digital phenotyping apps, accessible technical solutions that enable researchers without software engineering expertise to design and deploy EMA studies remain limited.

Continued cannabis use among young people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) has been linked to poorer clinical and functional outcomes (eg, increased symptom severity and higher relapse rates). Digital harm-reduction interventions may represent a promising, person-centered approach to reduce at-risk cannabis use behaviors in this population. However, evidence remains limited regarding which subgroups are more likely to engage with these interventions and whether specific levels of engagement are required to achieve more favorable cannabis-related outcomes.

Despite many evidence-based HIV interventions, most research findings are not disseminated. Enhancing research dissemination is essential to achieving Nigeria’s HIV targets.

Chronic pain is a growing global public health challenge and the leading cause of years lived with disability. It significantly impacts various aspects of daily life, including participation in working life, resulting in increased sick leave and substantial burdens at both the personal and societal levels. Person-centered care (PCC) is a practiced ethic that recognizes the patient as a partner in care. Partnership is established through incorporating the person’s narrative, shared decision-making, and documentation of jointly agreed goals. Remotely delivered PCC interventions have been shown in other studies to improve self-efficacy and facilitate return to work among persons on sick leave. However, little is known about how self-efficacy and sick leave are affected when a PCC intervention is delivered remotely to persons with chronic pain.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted older adults’ daily lives, particularly concerning social interaction, physical activity, and sleep quality. Older African Americans were disproportionately affected yet remain underrepresented in research documenting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) provides home-based care for terminally ill patients and is associated with improved quality of life and prolonged survival. Due to its decentralized structure and growing demand, SOPC is a key target for digital transformation. Telehealth, mobile health, and AI offer considerable potential benefits but also present challenges, particularly with regard to user acceptance. Although both children and adults receive SOPC under the German statutory health insurance system, services differ in terms of patient characteristics, duration of care, and geographic coverage. Moreover, there is limited knowledge regarding the extent to which digital health applications are transferable across different areas of palliative care.

One unique feature of COVID-19–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is surfactant deficiency because SARS-CoV-2 specifically attacks alveolar type 2 cells.

US Navy sailors experience a range of personal and interpersonal stressors due to challenging operational tempos that can contribute to psychological distress and increased suicide risk. Digital mental fitness tools offer scalable, stigma-reducing solutions to support psychological readiness. However, many existing digital mental health interventions use top-down designs that lack input from the target population and focus on treating psychological symptoms rather than improving overall mental fitness.

Conversational agents for women’s health often fail to meet user needs, offering either clinically sterile advice or unreliable peer anecdotes. This limitation creates a tension between the need for factual safety and emotional resonance in sensitive health contexts.

Chronic opioid use, a key predictor of opioid overdose, is common among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), underscoring a need for tailored interventions to monitor risk for opioid-related harm. Prior research highlights the need to engage both AYA patients with IBD and IBD-focused clinicians in the development of pain management and opioid safety interventions. Human-centered design offers a promising approach to address this gap by directly engaging patients and clinicians in cocreating solutions.

Conventional mail-based follow-up for blood donors with abnormal postdonation results provides no delivery confirmation and precludes 2-way communication, creating an accountability gap in donor safety.

Peer effects influence workplace safety and productivity as employees observe and compare themselves to coworkers. However, prior simulation research has focused mainly on productivity in immersive settings, with limited attention to safety and little evidence on whether nonimmersive environments can capture peer effects across both domains. This study developed a nonimmersive virtual simulation to model peer effects on safety and productivity behavior.