JMIR Formative Research

Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, and state policies can be effective tools to prevent suicide. State legislators are increasingly active on social media, communicating about their legislative priorities and signaling information about their knowledge and attitudes about issues.

Anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxious arousal, is a promising therapeutic target for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom development after trauma exposure. Initial research suggests that smartphone-based AS interventions may be acceptable to sexual assault survivors at risk for PTSD symptoms and effective for symptom reduction, but only small one-arm proof-of-concept studies have been conducted.

Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the primary surgical treatment for ischemic heart disease. There is currently a lack of highly accurate and widely applicable models for assessing the risk of postoperative mortality following CABG.

Unplanned hospital readmissions represent a critical operational and financial challenge for health care systems in the United States, with 3.8 million 30-day all-cause readmissions in 2018 at an average cost of US $15,200 each, totaling US $58 billion in costs. Many published prediction models rely on comprehensive information (eg, full billing abstractions, discharge summaries, laboratory tests, and vitals) that becomes available only late in the encounter, limiting usefulness for real-time, in-hospital intervention. This creates a timeliness-accuracy trade-off: models that are most accurate retrospectively may arrive too late to act upon.

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality, with its prevalence increasing due to population aging and lifestyle factors. Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) and arterial oxygen saturation is crucial for disease prevention and monitoring, and wearable devices have emerged as a promising alternative. However, their clinical reliability requires validation, particularly in older populations.

Preterm infants (PTIs) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment, particularly in socioeconomically vulnerable regions, where access to early intervention services is limited. However, little is known about the feasibility of longitudinal developmental monitoring in such contexts.

Population aging is driving a rapid rise in dementia cases worldwide, posing a major challenge for health care systems around the globe, including in the Netherlands. Digital multidomain lifestyle interventions, which target multiple lifestyle domains simultaneously, can protect against cognitive decline in at-risk older adults but struggle to sustain engagement. Addressing stress in these interventions is crucial, as it can directly increase dementia risk and may promote unhealthy behaviors in other domains targeted in these interventions, including physical activity, diet, and sleep.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with low-dose computed tomography screening demonstrating an approximately 20% reduction in mortality among high-risk individuals. Despite this benefit, screening prevalence remains suboptimal, with often less than 20% of eligible individuals reported to be up to date on screening. Shared decision-making is essential for effective lung cancer screening (LCS) implementation, with decision aids shown to enhance patient knowledge and engagement.

Internet-based interventions for insomnia show promise, but understanding the process variables, such as knowledge acquisition and psychological acceptance, is crucial for enhancing digital adherence and clinical effectiveness.

Quality of life (QOL) is an important aspect of every chronic disease, including interstitial lung disease (ILD). QOL is perceived as a significant patient-centered outcome.

The Technology Adoption Model (TAM) offers a potential framework for elucidating the relationships between data privacy or security concerns and behavioral intention, perceived usefulness (PU), and perceived ease of use (PEOU) of mobile health (mHealth) apps, particularly for patients’ self-care management. In Saudi Arabia, limited information is available on these pertinent research areas despite the government’s relentless efforts to bolster the use of mHealth apps.

Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is a mental disorder marked by persistent somatic symptoms and maladaptive health-related thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapy has been shown to be effective in treating SSD, reducing patients’ somatic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. However, challenges remain—including limited access to treatment. Videoconference-based cognitive behavioral therapy (vCBT) has emerged as a promising approach, offering flexible and tailored treatment while addressing the shortage of medical resources and potentially reducing patient dropout.