JMIR Formative Research

Parent management training (PMT) is an evidence-based intervention for addressing child behavioral difficulties; however, caregivers often need additional guidance when implementing skills in daily life. Pat is an AI conversational agent designed to augment a therapist-led PMT program by providing caregivers with real-time guidance, reinforcement, and answers to parenting questions between sessions.

Rapid advances in large language models (LLMs) have expanded interest in patient-facing health applications that support symptom assessment and care-seeking decisions. Although AI-enabled symptom-guidance tools could improve patient navigation and recognition of clinically serious conditions, inappropriate recommendations may result in missed needed care or unnecessary escalation. Structured predeployment evaluation is therefore needed before prospective clinical use.

Dual use of combustible cigarettes and nicotine vapes is disproportionately high among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) young adults. Mass-reach health communications may be effective at curbing dual use. Current research is exploring whether comparative risk messaging, which presents nicotine vapes as less harmful than cigarettes, reduces dual use.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis is an important complication of hemodialysis that may impair dialysis adequacy and patient outcomes. Conventional AVF monitoring relies largely on subjective physical assessment and may delay recognition of abnormal vascular access findings.

The rising prevalence of autism highlights the challenges faced by health care professionals, educators, and guardians in managing autism care. ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) Autism Communities was established to train professionals in best practice autism care and diagnosis through regular virtual case-based learning sessions. As programmatic offerings expanded to include more professions and ongoing care after diagnosis, program measures were adapted to fit the desired learning outcomes and were adapted over time. As a result, consistent measures were not in place to assess any individual program longitudinally, and assessments of all programs collectively were even further limited. The global expansion of the ECHO Autism model led to an insistent need for standardized outcome measures to evaluate effectiveness.

Thailand is undergoing a rapid demographic transition, with an estimated 28% of the population expected to be aged 60 years or older by 2030. This shift creates an urgent demand for technology-enhanced solutions for older adults. Despite growing interest in Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks and machine learning applications for older adult care, the patterns of technology acceptance and implementation readiness in Thai older adult care facilities remain underexplored.

Retrospective questionnaires are commonly used to assess exposure to unpleasant environmental stimuli, such as sounds and odors, but they are vulnerable to recall and salience biases. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is often proposed as a superior alternative because it captures experiences close in time to their occurrence. However, self-initiated, event-contingent EMA protocols require sustained participant engagement, and little is known about their feasibility, reporting completeness, and implementation challenges under naturalistic conditions.

Peer-reviewed medical literature consistently violates established health literacy readability targets, creating a gap that effectively excludes patients and caregivers from accessing evidence-based information.

Health misinformation has intensified worldwide, especially in digital environments, where low health and media literacy increase vulnerability. Thus, the MEDIATICH program of the University of Zaragoza launched OCODES (Observatorio Contra la Desinformación en Salud), a participatory digital initiative designed to promote health media literacy and provide evidence-based information through a web platform and social media channels.

The rapid expansion of telehealth has outpaced formal training in virtual interprofessional collaboration across health professions education. Although telehealth and interprofessional education (IPE) competency frameworks exist, limited evidence informs how longitudinal, virtual IPE curricula prepare learners for team-based telehealth practice.

Salud en Mis Manos (SEMM) is a community health worker–delivered evidence-based intervention shown to increase breast and cervical cancer screening in medically underserved Latinas. Despite SEMM’s success in community-based settings, clinic-based implementation is limited.

Psoriasis is a lifelong, relapsing, quick-to-flare skin disease that requires personalized, continuous management. Due to its unpredictable nature, there is an increasing interest in using electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) for remote monitoring of the condition. However, adherence to ePROMs and predictors of adherence have not been sufficiently explored among patients with psoriasis.