TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ko, Jisook
AU  - Wang, Jing
AU  - Mbue, Ngozi
AU  - Schembre, Susan
AU  - Cron, Stanley
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/8/20
TI  - Effect of the Implementation of a Multiple-Behavior Self-Monitoring Intervention on Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Data Analysis
JO  - JMIR Form Res
SP  - e49589
VL  - 8
KW  - electronic diary
KW  - technology-assisted self-monitoring
KW  - multiple-behavior intervention
KW  - type 2 diabetes
KW  - diabetes
KW  - self-monitoring
KW  - monitoring
KW  - dietary intake
KW  - monitor
KW  - carbohydrate intake
KW  - calories
KW  - education
KW  - diabetic
KW  - e-diary
KW  - e diary
KW  - self-care
AB  - Background: An electronic diary embedded in a mobile device to monitor lifestyle can be as effective as traditional methods. However, the efficacy of self-monitoring multiple behaviors for dietary intake has not been well studied in people with diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of using technology-assisted self-monitoring versus paper diaries on changes in dietary intake. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data collected from 39 people with type 2 diabetes as part of a 3-month pilot clinical trial. Changes in energy intake and the contribution of total fat intake and total carbohydrate intake to total calories (%) from baseline to after intervention (3 months) were evaluated. Results: In total, 26 (67%) of the 39 participants preferred mobile diaries over paper diaries. Participants in the mobile diary group showed slightly higher self-monitoring adherence. Linear mixed modeling results indicated a significant overall decrease in total energy intake (P=.005), dietary fat intake (P=.01), and carbohydrate intake (P=.08) from baseline to 3 months. No significant group differences were detected (P>.05). Conclusions: The implementation of a 3-month, multiple-behavior, self-monitoring intervention in Diabetes Self-Management Education programs has resulted in successful reduction in dietary intake (energy, fat, and carbohydrate), whichever self-monitoring method is chosen by participants according to their preferences. Long-term studies are needed to confirm our findings on dietary intake and examine other behavioral and disease outcomes that require monitoring. 
SN  - 2561-326X
UR  - https://formative.jmir.org/2024/1/e49589
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/49589
DO  - 10.2196/49589
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/49589
ER  -