TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinto da Costa, Mariana
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/6/2
TI  - An Intervention to Connect Patients With Psychosis and Volunteers via Smartphone (the Phone Pal): Development Study
JO  - JMIR Form Res
SP  - e35086
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
KW  - intervention
KW  - intervention development
KW  - digital mental health
KW  - psychosis
KW  - severe mental illness
KW  - volunteering
KW  - volunteer
KW  - mental health
KW  - mental illness
KW  - development
KW  - design
KW  - user centered design
KW  - smartphone
KW  - mobile phone
KW  - mobile health
KW  - mHealth
KW  - MRC framework
KW  - Medical Research Council framework
AB  - Background: Intervention development is a critical stage. However, evidence indicates that the substandard reporting of intervention details is widespread. Objective: This study aimed to provide an overview of the guiding frameworks, methodology, and stages for the design and construction of a new complex intervention—the Phone Pal. Methods: The intervention development process followed the Medical Research Council framework for developing complex interventions as well as the person-based approach. The intervention was developed following the evidence synthesis of a literature review, a focus group study, and a survey after consultation and input from advisory groups with a range of stakeholders, including patients, volunteers, clinicians, and academics. Results: The developed logic model outlines the contextual factors, intervention, mechanisms of change, and short- and long-term outcomes. The operationalized intervention required matching 1 patient with 1 volunteer to communicate with each other through a smartphone via SMS text messages, WhatsApp messages or email, and audio or video calls. Each participant was encouraged to communicate with their match at least once per week for a 12-week period using informal conversation. Conclusions: The systematic process and theoretically sound strategy through which this intervention was developed can provide insights to future researchers on the reality of developing and preparing the operationalization of a digital intervention using multiple components. 
SN  - 2561-326X
UR  - https://formative.jmir.org/2022/6/e35086
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/35086
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35653171
DO  - 10.2196/35086
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/35086
ER  -