TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sato, Christa
AU  - Adumattah, Anita
AU  - Abulencia, Maria Krisel
AU  - Garcellano, Peter Dennis
AU  - Li, Alan Tai-Wai
AU  - Fung, Kenneth
AU  - Poon, Maurice Kwong-Lai
AU  - Vahabi, Mandana
AU  - Wong, Josephine Pui-Hing
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/3/22
TI  - COVID-19 Mental Health Stressors of Health Care Providers in the Pandemic Acceptance and Commitment to Empowerment Response (PACER) Intervention: Qualitative Study
JO  - JMIR Form Res
SP  - e35280
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - COVID-19 in Canada
KW  - health care providers
KW  - pandemic stressors
KW  - health impact
KW  - caregiving roles
KW  - situational identities
KW  - emotional labor
KW  - hero discourse
KW  - social ecological framework
AB  - Background: Since the pandemic, more Canadians have reported poorer mental health. A vital group experiencing a high level of stressors consists of health care providers (HCPs) caring for COVID-19 patients, carrying out public health responses, or working with vulnerable populations. The mental health of HCPs is negatively affected by the pandemic, not only at work but also at home and in the community. Intersecting stressors at multiple levels contribute to HCPs’ experiences of fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the pandemic stressors experienced by HCPs at work, at home, and in the community before participating in the Pandemic Acceptance and Commitment to Empowerment Response (PACER) online intervention. Methods: Informed by a social ecological approach, we used a qualitative reflective approach to engage 74 HCPs in diverse roles. Data were collected during the first 2 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020 to February 2021) in Canada. Results: Informed by a social ecological framework, 5 overarching themes were identified in our thematic analysis: (1) personal level stressors that highlight HCPs’ identities and responsibilities beyond the workplace; (2) interpersonal level stressors from disrupted social relationships; (3) organizational stressors that contributed to unsettled workplaces and moral distress; (4) community and societal stressors attributed to vicarious trauma and emotional labor; and (5) the multilevel and cumulative impacts of COVID-19 stressors on HCPs’ health. Conclusions: COVID-19 is not merely a communicable disease but also a social and political phenomenon that intensifies the effects of social inequities. Current understanding of pandemic stressors affecting HCPs is largely partial in nature. Although workplace stressors of HCPs are real and intense, they need to be explored and understood in the context of stressors that exist in other domains of HCPs’ lives such as family and community to ensure these experiences are not being silenced by the “hero” discourses or overshadowed by professional demands. 
SN  - 2561-326X
UR  - https://formative.jmir.org/2022/3/e35280
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/35280
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35138256
DO  - 10.2196/35280
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/35280
ER  -