@Article{info:doi/10.2196/38113,
author="Herbert, Carly
and Kheterpal, Vik
and Suvarna, Thejas
and Broach, John
and Marquez, Juan Luis
and Gerber, Ben
and Schrader, Summer
and Nowak, Christopher
and Harman, Emma
and Heetderks, William
and Fahey, Nisha
and Orvek, Elizabeth
and Lazar, Peter
and Ferranto, Julia
and Noorishirazi, Kamran
and Valpady, Shivakumar
and Shi, Qiming
and Lin, Honghuang
and Marvel, Kathryn
and Gibson, Laura
and Barton, Bruce
and Lemon, Stephenie
and Hafer, Nathaniel
and McManus, David
and Soni, Apurv",
title="Design and Preliminary Findings of Adherence to the Self-Testing for Our Protection From COVID-19 (STOP COVID-19) Risk-Based Testing Protocol: Prospective Digital Study",
journal="JMIR Form Res",
year="2022",
month="Jun",
day="16",
volume="6",
number="6",
pages="e38113",
keywords="COVID-19; rapid antigen tests; COVID-19 testing; infectious disease; disease spread; prevention; coronavirus; adherence; reporting; mHealth; health application; mobile health; digital health; public health; surveillance; health care; smartphone app; vaccination; digital surveillance",
abstract="Background: Serial testing for SARS-CoV-2 is recommended to reduce spread of the virus; however, little is known about adherence to recommended testing schedules and reporting practices to health departments. Objective: The Self-Testing for Our Protection from COVID-19 (STOP COVID-19) study aims to examine adherence to a risk-based COVID-19 testing strategy using rapid antigen tests and reporting of test results to health departments. Methods: STOP COVID-19 is a 12-week digital study, facilitated using a smartphone app for testing assistance and reporting. We are recruiting 20,000 participants throughout the United States. Participants are stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination status. High-risk participants are instructed to perform twice-weekly testing for COVID-19 using rapid antigen tests, while low-risk participants test only in the case of symptoms or exposure to COVID-19. All participants complete COVID-19 surveillance surveys, and rapid antigen results are recorded within the smartphone app. Primary outcomes include participant adherence to a risk-based serial testing protocol and percentage of rapid tests reported to health departments. Results: As of February 2022, 3496 participants have enrolled, including 1083 high-risk participants. Out of 13,730 tests completed, participants have reported 13,480 (98.18{\%}, 95{\%} CI 97.9{\%}-98.4{\%}) results to state public health departments with full personal identifying information or anonymously. Among 622 high-risk participants who finished the study period, 35.9{\%} showed high adherence to the study testing protocol. Participants with high adherence reported a higher percentage of test results to the state health department with full identifying information than those in the moderate- or low-adherence groups (high: 71.7{\%}, 95{\%} CI 70.3{\%}-73.1{\%}; moderate: 68.3{\%}, 95{\%} CI 66.0{\%}-70.5{\%}; low: 63.1{\%}, 59.5{\%}-66.6{\%}). Conclusions: Preliminary results from the STOP COVID-19 study provide important insights into rapid antigen test reporting and usage, and can thus inform the use of rapid testing interventions for COVID-19 surveillance. ",
issn="2561-326X",
doi="10.2196/38113",
url="https://formative.jmir.org/2022/6/e38113",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/38113",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35649180"
}