@Article{info:doi/10.2196/34029,
author="Ozieh, Mukoso N
and Egede, Leonard E",
title="A Lifestyle Intervention to Delay Early Chronic Kidney Disease in African Americans With Diabetic Kidney Disease: Pre-Post Pilot Study",
journal="JMIR Form Res",
year="2022",
month="Mar",
day="15",
volume="6",
number="3",
pages="e34029",
keywords="type 2 diabetes mellitus; chronic kidney insufficiency; healthy lifestyle; outcomes research; African Americans; quasiexperimental study",
abstract="Background: Behavioral factors, such as lifestyle, have been shown to explain approximately 24{\%} of the excess risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among African Americans. However, there are limited intervention studies culturally tailored to African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD. Objective: The main objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a culturally tailored lifestyle intervention among African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD. Methods: A pre-post design was used to test the feasibility of a lifestyle intervention in 30 African American adults recruited from the Medical University of South Carolina between January 2017 and February 2017. A research nurse delivered the manualized study intervention weekly for 6 weeks. Clinical outcomes (hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) were measured at baseline and postintervention. Disease knowledge, self-care, and behavior outcomes were also measured using validated structured questionnaires at baseline and postintervention. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes were calculated to determine clinically important changes from baseline. Results: Significant pre-post mean differences and decreases were observed for hemoglobin A1c (mean 0.75{\%}, 95{\%} CI 0.16-1.34; P=.01), total cholesterol (mean 16.38 mg/dL, 95{\%} CI 5.82-26.94; P=.004), low-density lipoprotein (mean 13.73 mg/dL, 95{\%} CI 3.91-23.54; P=.008), and eGFR (mean 6.73 mL/min/1.73m2, 95{\%} CI 0.97-12.48; P=.02). Significant pre-post mean differences and increases were observed for CKD self-efficacy (mean −11.15, 95{\%} CI −21.55 to −0.75; P=.03), CKD knowledge (mean −2.62, 95{\%} CI −3.98 to −1.25; P<.001), exercise behavior (mean −1.21, 95{\%} CI −1.96 to −0.46; P=.003), and blood sugar testing (mean −2.15, 95{\%} CI −3.47 to −0.83; P=.003). Conclusions: This study provides preliminary data for a large-scale appropriately powered randomized controlled trial to examine a culturally tailored lifestyle intervention in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD in order to improve clinical, knowledge, self-care, and behavior outcomes in this population. ",
issn="2561-326X",
doi="10.2196/34029",
url="https://formative.jmir.org/2022/3/e34029",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/34029",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35289751"
}